The results revealed that release of insect derived semiochemicals can enhance visual searching and efficiency of parasitoid D. rapae (7.50%) and highest mean time spend (6.39%) as compared to other treatments applied. It was found that T6 (β-pinene + E-β-Farnesene) exhibited highest mean number entries of D. The results revealed that alarm pheromone component effective kairomone for aphid predatory beetles. If you want to compete in the Instant Messenger market you either need backing of a major player or provide users with features that they cannot find elsewhere. septempunctata (6.13%) and highest mean time spend (6.23%) as compared to two other treatments applied. Coccinella is an interesting chat client that brings new features and lots of customization to the table. It was found that T6 (β-pinene + E-β-Farnesene) exhibited highest mean number entries of C. rapae after treatment application were recorded and analysed statistically. The control arms were treated with n-hexane. The filter paper strips were placed in arms of olfactometer. Seven different combined treatments of semiochemicals and plant extract were applied on filter paper strips at 3% concentration.
Naive females were subjected to olfactometer tests. rapae, mummified aphids were collected from wheat crop. They remained starved for two days before Olfactometer bioassays. The Coccinella septempunctata were collected from wheat crop plants. The experiment was conducted with seven treatments and five replications at Glass house situated in Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi field area during Feb-April, 2015. The treatments with different combinations of plant extracts and semiochemicals were used for natural enemy preference experiment. Aphid endoparasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) have an ability to locate its hosts by responding to odours from aphid host plants or by visual searching. It exploits several different cues released by plants to increase the efficiency of foraging.
The Seven spotted ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata play a prominent role in aphid management. Recent studies exhibited that the use of natural enemy is an ecofriendly measure to control pests. Different chemical cues help to correspond in diversity of associations between prey and host plant species. Natural enemies are more effective at controlling herbivores in diverse botanical ecosystems.